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========== Aaah, the controlled flow of electrons, making
possible laptops and phones and cars and pacemakers. Batteries, just like everything else in life,
is just chemistry raised to the power of awesome. The kind of chemistry that happens inside
of a battery is called electrochemistry because it involves reactions that produce
or consume free electrons. Specifically, they are oxidation or redox
reactions, the ones where electrons are exchanged. I've told you about redox reactions before
and if you haven't seen that episode yet, you should probably go watch that before you
watch this. Don't worry, I will still be here when you
get back. Now, when the flow of electrons in these kinds
of reactions are sent through a conductor, like a piece of metal,
it c...