View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-caused-the-french-revolution-tom-mullaney What rights do people have, and where do they come from?
========== What rights do people have,
and where do they come from? Who gets to make decisions for others
and on what authority? And how can we organize society
to meet people's needs? These questions challenged
an entire nation during the upheaval
of the French Revolution. By the end of the 18th century, Europe had undergone a profound
intellectual and cultural shift known as the Enlightenment. Philosophers and artists promoted
reason and human freedom over tradition and religion. The rise of a middle class
and printed materials encouraged political awareness, and the American Revolution had turned
a former English colony into an independent republic. Yet France, one of the largest and richest
countries in Europe was still governed by an ancient regime
of three rigid social classes called Estates. Th...